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Ferro silicon manganese (FeSiMn) is a type of alloys contains silica, iron and magnesium (of special percentage) totally playing a role of oxidizing agent and used for producing cast iron in iron and steel plants. It’s worth mentioning that combining silicon and magnesium in this material leads to have rigid, high resistant and strong final steel products.
Ferromanganese (FeMn) is an alloy consisting manganese (80%) and carbon, mostly, acts as a deoxidizer and can remove the bad effect of sulfur through combing with it. Also, it can add the purity of steel as a deoxidizer and involves Low Carbon Ferromanganese (LCFeMn), Medium Carbon Ferromanganese (MCFeMn) and High Carbon Ferromanganese (HCFeMn) types.
Calcined petroleum coke (CPC) is a black solid material known as the byproduct of refinery’ crude oil which consists of carbon, sulfur, silicon, nickel, vanadium, volatile, ash and moisture. Usually, CPC is produced through putting the raw green petroleum in to rotary kilns with high temperature ad removing moisture and modifying the crystalline structure of coke. Primarily, calcined petroleum coke used for preparing anodes in an industry of steel, titanium, and aluminum smelting. The role of CPC in steel making is to carburizing and decarburizing to balance the carbon content during steel making process.
Graphite Petroleum Coke (GPC) is a material used to produce cast iron and steel that made of high-quality petroleum coke in high temperature. In fact, GPC includes elements such as sulfur, ash, porosity and high percentage of fixed carbon. Moreover, it caused to have more high-quality steel through acting as the carbon raiser. The difference between CPC and GPC is an environment these two made in, the carbon and sulfur content and smelting time.
Metallurgical Coke or coking coal is a special type of coke largely applied in steelmaking industry for producing high quality coke. The component of metallurgical Coke includes high carbon, low ash and moisture and phosphorous that made it enough strong for the furnace and the best option for various industrial applications. Also. It can be used as a reducing agent in blast furnace and as a fuel due to its favorite chemical properties.
Ferro chrome (FeCr) is a type of ferroalloy that is result of chromite reduction and made from iron and chromium (50-70%). The leading usage of this ferroalloy is in steel making process due to its corrosion-resistant and appearance properties. It is classified into four types of Micro-carbon ferrochrome, Low carbon ferrochrome (LC FeCr), Medium carbon ferrochrome (MC FeCr) and High-carbon ferrochrome (HC FeCr).
Aluminum Oxid: As a crystalline powder, it is composed of oxygen and chromium and its solubility rate would be different based on the preparation method. It is suitable for industrial and chemical fields.
Direct Reduced Iron (DRI): Known as the sponge iron, is the direct result of iron ore reduction into iron using a reducing gas or elemental carbon produced from natural gas or coal. During this process, which can be of coal-based and gas-based type, iron oxide is reduced to metallic iron at temperature that is lower than melting point of iron. What is important in this process is that the oxygen must be removed from the iron ore any way. It’s worth mentioning that the carbon content of DRI is as much as the pig iron (90-94%) that totally made it appropriate for the electric furnace in mini mills.
Hot Briquetted Iron (HBI): interesting to know that the result of compressing DRI is HBI that directly transported from the reduction furnace in to considered electric arc furnace. The role of Hot Briquetted Iron is to decrease an amount of sulfur and metal resided in furnaces. The advantage of these form of iron is that it easily can be shipped and stored.
Iron Ore Pellet: iron of ores are minerals available as deposit on the earth and are of magnetite, hematite, siderite and limonite types. Fortunately, it easily can be turned to iron ore pellet through few simple steps including crushing iron ore into powder and making spherical masses, using clay and forming them as pellet and eventually hardening them by putting in furnace. Usually, the main portion of produced iron ore pellet is used as the raw material in steel making process.
Casi Cored Wire plays an important role in steel making process as a desulfurization and deoxidization agent. It is in a form of cored and its significant element are calcium silicon and iron powder.
· Steel products: are semi-finished products that used as raw material in forging and rolling metal processing operation. As a matter of fact, these products are result of recycling process. The following are the sample of these products:
– Billets: are ingots with rectangular, hexagonal and round cross section that used for manufacturing axles, gears and shafts.
– Blooms: this product is larger than billet with square and circular section.
– Bar: this steel product applied for reinforcement and decrease the tension in structures such as bridge, building and dams, etc.